Conditional Sentences

 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Conditional sentences divided into 3 types :

Type 1.Future Possible

Type 2.Present Unreal

Type 3.Past Unreal

1.      Future Possible
It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

   Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example: If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass the examination.

2.      Present Unreal
Present unreal  is used to refer to a time that is now or any time, and a situation that is unreal. These sentences are not based on fact. The type 2 conditional is used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its probable result. In type 2 conditional sentences, the if clause uses the simple past, and the main clause uses the present conditional.

 Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example:  If you studied hard, you would pass the examination.

3.      Past Unreal

Past Unreal  is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that is contrary to reality.

 

           Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past Participle)

            Example: If I had seen you yesterday, I would have told you about it.

Conditional Sentence with subjunctive ‘wish’

            According to The English Island website, The English word “wish” is used when the speaker wants reality to be different than it actually is. Wish is followed by a noun clause using past tense verb forms. The following pairs of examples express “true” statements about the past, present, and future, and how you would express a desire for the opposite (the wish) to be true.

a.       A wish about the past
Example: I wish I could come to your graduation party.

b.      A wish about the present

Example: I wish it were not raining right now.

c.       A wish about the future

Example: I wish you could come to my party tomorrow.

Exercise:

1.      If I go to England, I ….. visit Buckingham Palace.

a.       Will

b.      Am

c.       Was

d.      Don’t

2.      If the weather …. fine tomorrow, we will go for picnic.

a.       Was

b.      Were

c.       Is

d.      Will

3.      If my father knew how to drive, he …. Buy a car.

a.       Will

b.      Would

c.       Won’t

d.      Wouldn’t

4.      If the weather had been fine yesterday, we ……. Gone for a swim.

a.       Wouldn’t have

b.      Would have

c.       Will has

d.      Won’t have

Sumber : 

Lado, M.J.(2012). Complete English Grammar. Jakarta. Titik Terang.

http://www.theenglishisland.com/conditional-sentences-part-two-and-wishes/

http://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/unreal-past/

http://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/conditional/

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences